Signors to the st



(No Model.)

J. E. WEST 8v 0. 0. WHIPPLE. PROCESS 0]? MANUFACTURING ARTICLES 0P HOLLOW WARE.

No. 507,700. Patented Oct. 31, 1893.

j/IIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIII/IIIlIIIIIIII/b cf, i

InvenZo'rzs,

t I UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

JOSIAH E. WEST AND CARLOS O. WHIPPLE, OF ST. CLOUD, MINNESOTA, AS-

SIGNORS TO THE ST. CLOUD VULOANIZED FIBREWARE COMPANY, OF

SAME PLACE.

PROCESS OF MANUFACTURING ARTICLES OF HOLLOW WARE.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 507,700, dated October 31, 1893.

Application filed May 12, 1893. Serial No. 473,944 (No model.)

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that we, JOSIAH E. WEST and CARLOS O. WHIPPLE, citizens of the United States, residing at St. Cloud, in the county of Stearns and State of Minnesota, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Processes of Manufacturing Articles of Hollow WVare, of which the following is a specification.

Our invention especially relates to processes for the manufacture of hollow ware articles, such as pails and tubs.

According to our invention, we first manufacture a blank for the body of the article of fibrous material combined with binding material, then bend the blank into the desired form, and then form the bottom and unite it to the body portion.

' The specific fibrous material employed and the particular kind of binding agent used are immaterial, so far as the scope of the invention herein claimed is concerned.

One important feature of our invention consists in forming a fiat, or substantially 2-5 flat, blank for the body of the article, with matching edges, then bending the blank into form and then applying the bottom.

Our invention also consists in this connection in using a hot press for uniting the edges of the body portion of the article, and' for applying the bottom thereto, and also the use of a cold press in which air blisters are removed from the article, and the blank is compressed, hardened and given its final finish. 3 5 In the accompanying drawings illustrating our inventionfFigure 1 is a view of a press for forming a body blank for a pail. Fig. 2 is a view of the product of this press. Figs. 3, 4, 5 and 6 indicate modified forms of body blanks. Fig. 7 is a View of the former. Fig. 8 is a view of the product of the former. Fig. 9 is a view of the hot press. Fig. 10 is a view of the cold press, and Fig. 11 a view of the final product. 5 The press shown in Fig. 1, comprises an outer or female member A, and a, plunger B. They are both channeled and have entrance and exit pipes for the circulation of a heating agent. In order to form a beveled edge at each end of the blank, the bottom of .the

press is formed at a, with an inclined pro ection, and the plunger is formed at b, with a similar inclined rib or projection. The material, in a dry, fluify condition is placed n the press and pressure is applied which Will cause the particles to cohere, and give to the mixture the desiredform.

It is sometimes desirable to strengthen the body of the pail by sheets, hoops or str ps, and this may be done by first partially filling the member A of the die with the pulpy material, then placing in position the strip, hoop or sheet, and then filling in more pulpy material over the strip. This is indicated at as, in Figs. 1 and 2. When pressure is applied, the strip or sheet will be embedded.

Fig. 2 indicates the product of the warm die, shown in Fig. 1. X, indicates a pail blank with beveled edges, and with a stripes, of metal or similar material. Instead of forming the blank with beveled edges, as shown in Fig. 2, it may be formed with a tongue 3 at one end, and a groove 3 at the other, as shown in Fig. 3. At y, in Fig. 3, we have indicated a short piece of metal to strengthen the joint which may be perforated as shown, and which is located at the edge of the blank. We may form a blank in the manner indicated at Z, in Fig. 4, in which a sheetz of the same area as the blank is employed. In Fig. 5, we have shown a blank in which each end is curved, one end being convex and the other concave, so that when the blank is bent into shape, the edges will match. In Fig. 6 we have shown the edges scalloped or serrated, so as to interlock. It will be understood, therefore, that the exact shape of the blank is not verymaterial, although it is important that it be formed fiat, or substantially flat, and with matching edges of some kind. We 9 prefer to form the edges convex and concave, scalloped or serrated, because a firmer union may thus be effected in the subsequent process of forming the article.

After ablank is formed, as aboveindicated, it is bent into cylindrical or other desired shape to bring the matching edges together to form the body of the article. This'may be done by placing it in aformer, such as indicated in Fig. 7. It is then placed in apress I00 C, and the material for forming the bottom is inserted. The blank (1, for the bottom may first be formed and then caused to unite with the body of the article by heat and pressure, but we prefer to fill into the body blank while in the hot press a suitable amount of combined fibrous material and binding agent, in a dry-granulated condition, then cause the plunger 0, to descend to compact and consolidate the granulated material to form the bottom, and then when heat and great pressure are employed, the bottom will be firmly united to the body of the article, and the binding material will be melted and caused to permeate the fibrous material in both the body and the bottom, and foi'inwill be given to the article. While still hot and pliable, the article is transferred to the cold press shown in Fig. 10, and there it is subjected to great pressure and the action of a cooling agent, blisters are removed and the final form and finish are given to the article.

The subsequent treatment of the product of the cold press does not form part of our present invention.

We claim as our invention- 1. The process herein described for the manufacture of articles from fibrous material, which consists in mixing together dry pulp and a dry binding material, forming by heat and pressure from said combined dry pulp and binding material a blank having matching edges, bending the blank while in a pliable condition to join the matching edges, then subjecting the blank thus formed to heat and pressure to melt the binding material, compact the pulp and firmly unite the edges of the blank, substantially as described.

2. The process herein described for the manufacture of articles from fibrous material which consists in forming from dry pulp and a fusible binding material a blank having matching edges, joining the matching edges,

subjecting the blank thus formed to heat and pressure to fuse the binding material, and to compact the pulp and firmly unite the edges of the blank, and then subjecting the article to the action of a cooling agent and to great pressure to remove the blisters and give final form and finish to the article.

3. The process herein described for forming articles from combined fibrous material and binding material, which consists in mixing dry, granular or fluffy fibrous material with dry, granular or powdered fusible binding material, subjecting the combined materials to heat and pressure to form a blank with matching edges, transferring the blank thus formed and while in a pliable condition to a press, then applying heat and pressure to fuse the binding material, cause it to permeate the fibrous material and firmly unite the edges of the blank and give final form to the article, and then transferring the article to another press and subjecting it to pressure and to the action of a cooling agent to remove blisters and give final form and finish to the article.

4. The process herein described, which con sists in mixing together dry, fibrous material and dry binding material, forming a blank for the article to be produced with matching edges, during the formation of the blank fastening therein a strip or strips of metal or similar material, bending the blank into form, then transferring the blank to a press and there applying heat and pressure to fuse the binding material, cause it to permeate the fibrous material, unite the edges of the blank and embed the metal strip.

5. The process herein described for the manufacture of articles from fibrous material, which consists in mixing together dry flutfy fibrous material, and a fusible binding material, forming a blank from said material with matching edges with one edge having one or ,more concave and the other edge one or more convex outlines to match the concave, causing the edges to abutand then applying heat and pressure both downwardly and outwardly to cause the abutting edges to move toward each other both horizontally and vertically so as to become permanently and firmly united, substantially as described.

6. As a new article of manufacture, a pail having the body portion of combined pulp and a binding agent with its edges matching and compacted togetherand having a strip of metal or similar material crossing the joint of the edges, substantially as described.

In testimony whereof we have hereunto subscribed our names.

JOSIAH E. WEST. CARLOS O. \VHIPPLE.

\Vitnesses:

L. T. TROUTMAN, JNo. BLATTNER.

ICO 

